The main technical specifications of a wheel loader include bucket capacity, rated load, engine power and speed, overall machine weight, travel speed, tire specifications, overall dimensions, maximum traction force, maximum breakout force, wheelbase, wheel track, minimum ground clearance, minimum turning radius, maximum dumping height, maximum dumping distance, boom lifting time, bucket rotation time, total time for working device actions, and the model and specifications of key components.
| No. | Parameter | Description | Unit |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bucket Capacity | Divided into Geometric Capacity (volume leveled along bucket width) and Rated Capacity (volume with 1:2 slope heaped). Usually measured as rated capacity if not specified. | m³ |
| 2 | Rated Load | Maximum load the bucket can carry while maintaining loader stability; reflects production capacity. | kg |
| 3 | Engine Power | Indicates loader working capability. Includes Effective Power (actual power at flywheel under standard conditions) and Total Power (including auxiliary devices). Effective power ≈ Total power × 0.9–0.95. | kW |
| 4 | Operating Weight | Weight of the loader with standard working devices, fuel, fluids, empty bucket, and driver (75±3 kg). Affects economy, reliability, and traction. | kg |
| 5 | Maximum Travel Speed | Maximum forward/reverse speed with empty bucket on hard, level surface; affects productivity. | km/h |
| 6 | Minimum Turning Radius | Distance from rear wheel outer edge (or center) or bucket outer edge to rotation center. | mm |
| 7 | Maximum Traction Force | Push force generated at drive wheel rim; higher adhesion weight allows higher traction. | kN |
| 8 | Maximum Breakout Force | Maximum upward force at the foremost point of the bucket cutting edge, measured 100 mm back when edge is 20 mm above reference plane. | kN |
| 9 | Maximum Dumping Height | Vertical distance from bucket tip to ground at bucket tilt 45°–60° during full lift. | mm |
| 10 | Maximum Dumping Distance | Horizontal distance from bucket tip to front wheel front edge at maximum dumping height. | mm |
| 11 | Tipping Load | Minimum bucket material mass that causes loader to tip forward under full boom extension and bucket tilt. | kg |
| 12 | Total Working Device Action Time | Sum of bucket lifting, lowering, and dumping times. | s |
| 13 | Overall Dimensions | Loader length (bucket tip to rear), width (outermost lateral points), and height (ground to highest point with bucket on ground). | mm |
